In brief

Congress published Bill of Law No. 422 of 2025, which sets out guidelines for regulating the development and use of artificial intelligence (AI) in Colombia (“Bill of Law“). The Bill of Law introduces incentives for AI research and development, classifies AI-related risks and establishes liability measures, drawing on international regulations, such as those of the European Union, Brazil, and other countries.

The Bill of Law was formally introduced to Congress by the minister of science, technology and innovation and the minister of information and communications technologies.

In depth

Key takeaways

The following are the key takeaways addressed in the Bill of Law:

• National AI oversight and regulatory authority: The ministry of science, technology and innovation will be the entity responsible for supervising and regulating the development and use of AI.
• Adaptation and review: The ministry will periodically review and update the law to ensure it remains relevant in light of technological advancements.
• Regulatory sandboxes: This mechanism will be implemented to allow regulation to adapt to technological progress.
• Incentives for AI research and development: The Bill of Law seeks to implement programs and funding to support AI research.
• Protection of fundamental rights: Continuous monitoring and oversight will be carried out to classify and mitigate risks, ensuring the safe development and use of AI.
• Risk-based regulation: AI systems will be classified according to their level of risk:

1. Prohibited AI systems: Completely banned due to their potential to cause significant harm to fundamental rights, safety, well-being or human dignity.
2. High-risk AI systems: Subject to strict requirements before being marketed or implemented, as they may significantly affect fundamental rights, physical integrity, national security, life, health or well-being.
3. Limited-risk AI systems: Subject to specific transparency obligations due to their potential to pose significant threats to rights or safety, or to indirectly impact personal or economic decisions.
4. Low-risk AI systems: Subject to minimal regulation due to their low risk to individual rights or safety.

• Consequences and liabilities: The Bill of Law establishes civil and criminal liability for those who negatively impact AI systems and imposes an obligation to compensate victims.

Additional information

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Click here to read the Spanish version.